Published in the Sunday Mumbai Samachar on 02 February 2025
Today, let's take a moment to explore Europe, a continent brimming with diversity and history. You might wonder, how many countries are there in Europe? Depending on the source, the number varies. Some claim there are 44 countries, while others say 50 or even 51. According to the United Nations, Europe comprises 44 countries. However, the higher numbers usually include territories and partially recognized states, such as Turkey, Kazakhstan, and Russia, which span both Europe and Asia. Cyprus is geographically part of Asia Minor but culturally belongs to Europe. Other territories like the Faroe Islands and Greenland further contribute to the variance in numbers. Kosovo, a partially recognized state in the Balkans, also plays a role in this distinction. Regardless of the count, Europe’s diversity is its defining feature.
Let’s now journey through the North, South, East, and West of Europe, delving into their unique cultures, landscapes, and traditions.
The North
Northern Europe is renowned for its stunning natural landscapes, minimalist culture, and deep ties to its Viking history. Whether it’s the majestic fjords of Norway, Iceland’s geothermal springs, or the cosy warmth of a Danish café, Northern Europe blends breathtaking adventures with moments of tranquillity.
Imagine standing at Geirangerfjord in Norway, where waterfalls cascade down steep cliffs into crystal-clear waters, and quaint villages rest by the shore. Or picture yourself relaxing in Iceland’s Blue Lagoon, surrounded by a surreal volcanic landscape. The region also has a unique way of life, balancing modern innovation with ancient customs. Denmark’s ‘Hygge’ concept, for instance, encourages finding joy in simple pleasures, such as sitting by the fire with friends or enjoying a hearty meal. Sweden’s fika, a coffee break that turns into an intentional moment of relaxation, is another cultural treasure. In Finland, the sauna is central to daily life, symbolizing connection, reflection, and rejuvenation.
The winter months bring the magical Northern Lights, painting the skies of Finland, Norway, and Iceland with vivid colours, while the summer’s midnight sun fills the nights with golden light, allowing endless exploration. Finland is so immersed in sauna culture that it has more saunas than cars, with over 2 million for a population of about 5.5 million!
The South
Southern Europe boasts a vibrant culture, beautiful coastlines, and a rich history. From the Mediterranean’s azure waters to Tuscany’s rolling hills, Southern Europe exudes warmth, not just in its climate but also in its people, cuisine, and lifestyle. Countries such as Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, and southern France form the core of this sunny region, offering a delightful mix of history, art, and food.
Imagine standing on a cliff in Santorini, watching the sun set into the Aegean Sea, or wandering through the streets of Positano along the Amalfi Coast, where pastel-coloured houses descend to meet the sparkling waters. The beaches of Spain’s Costa Brava and Portugal’s Algarve are just as captivating, offering secluded shores and dramatic landscapes.
Southern Europe is also home to extraordinary architecture. In Spain, the Alhambra in Granada showcases intricate Moorish design, while in Barcelona, Gaudí’s Sagrada Família feels like a dream brought to life. And then, there’s the wine—whether it’s Chianti from Italy, Rioja from Spain, or Vinho Verde from Portugal, every sip tells a story of the land it comes from. Italy’s Aperol Spritz, Greece’s ouzo, and Portugal’s port wine also provide unique flavours of the region’s culture.
Fun Fact: The volcanic eruption that occurred around 1600 BCE created Santorini’s unique landscape, which some believe is connected to the myth of Atlantis.
The East
Eastern Europe feels timeless, yet rich in history, resilience, and charm. During my visits to this region, I’ve been enchanted by cities like Prague, with its Gothic architecture, Croatia’s stunning coastline, and the historical determination of Warsaw.
Standing on Prague’s Charles Bridge, you’re surrounded by statues that seem to tell stories from centuries past. The Carpathian Mountains in Romania offer trails through pine forests, evoking fairy-tale scenes. In Budapest, the Danube River connects the historic Buda side with the lively Pest, symbolizing the region’s spirit of unity.
The Old Town in Prague and the Bran Castle in Romania, home to the Dracula legend, are must-see landmarks. Warsaw’s Old Town, which was nearly destroyed in World War II, has been lovingly reconstructed, standing as a testament to the city’s resilience. The meticulous effort to rebuild it, using photographs as references, is a powerful symbol of the unbreakable spirit of its people.
The West
Western Europe has a way of telling stories at every turn. The vineyards of Bordeaux in France, the canals of Amsterdam, and the Black Forest of Germany each have their own unique narrative. In England’s Cornwall, the rugged cliffs and coastal paths evoke awe, while Switzerland’s alpine views are simply mesmerizing.
Walking through Paris, it’s impossible to ignore the romance of the Eiffel Tower or the legacy of art at the Louvre. In London, Buckingham Palace and Big Ben embody royal tradition. In Brussels, the Grand Place showcases architecture that reflects centuries of craftsmanship.
Western Europe’s culture is rich and diverse. France has given the world artistic legends like Monet and Victor Hugo. The Netherlands, home to Van Gogh and Rembrandt, inspires a love for beauty in the everyday. Germany’s classical music legacy, featuring figures like Beethoven and Bach, is as enduring as the region’s traditions. Festivals in this region, such as Belgium’s Tomorrowland, Germany’s Oktoberfest, and London’s Trooping the Colour, create a sense of belonging and celebration.
Fun Fact: 'Big Ben' refers to the bell inside the clock tower, not the tower itself, which is actually called ‘Elizabeth Tower.’
Conclusion
Europe is far more than a collection of countries—it is a continent of unforgettable experiences. From trekking through Norway’s fjords to raising a toast in an Italian kitchen, Europe offers adventures that captivate and inspire. Whether it’s capturing a sunset in Santorini, exploring Berlin’s avant-garde galleries, or strolling through Provence’s lavender fields, these moments make Europe unforgettable. The continent holds a wealth of stories waiting to be discovered, and as we explore it, Europe continues to surprise and inspire us.
Europe’s beauty lies not just in its landscapes, but in its diversity, its people, and the rich experiences it offers. So, dream big, and let Europe’s magic become part of your journey too.
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